1. PERSONALISED EXTERNAL AORTIC ROOT SUPPORT (PEARS)

• Personalised External Aortic Root Support (PEARS) is an innovative medical procedure developed as a less invasive alternative for treating aortic enlargement and aneurysms, particularly in conditions like Marfan syndrome or other connective tissue disorders. Unlike traditional approaches that require replacing the aorta, PEARS involves the use of a custom-made external support that is tailored to the patient's specific anatomy.
  
  The process begins with detailed imaging of the patient's aorta, usually through advanced techniques like CT or MRI scans. These images are then used to create a three-dimensional model of the patient's aortic root and ascending aorta. Based on this model, a bespoke mesh-like support, often made from a biocompatible polymer, is manufactured. This personalized design ensures a precise fit and more effective reinforcement of the aorta. During the PEARS procedure, a surgeon places this tailor-made support around the aorta. The support is designed to conform snugly to the aorta's shape, providing reinforcement and preventing further dilation of the aortic wall.
  
  Importantly, the procedure does not involve cutting into the aorta itself, which reduces the risk of complications like bleeding, infection, and the need for long-term anticoagulation therapy.
  
  This method has several advantages over traditional surgical techniques. First, it is less invasive, which typically results in a shorter hospital stay and quicker recovery. Second, by reinforcing rather than replacing the aortic tissue, it preserves the natural function and structure of the aorta. Third, it reduces the need for lifelong medication management, which is often required after aortic replacement surgery.
  
  PEARS is particularly beneficial for younger patients and those with connective tissue disorders, as it avoids the complications and limitations associated with prosthetic grafts. Moreover, the personalized nature of the procedure allows for a more tailored and patient-specific approach, potentially improving long-term outcomes. However, PEARS procedure is still relatively new and undergoing evaluation. Its long-term effectiveness and broader applicability are subjects of ongoing research.