Aortic, pulmonary, and mitral balloon valvotomy are minimally invasive procedures used to treat valve stenosis, a condition where heart valves become narrowed, limiting blood flow. Each procedure targets a specific heart valve.
Aortic Balloon Valvotomyis primarily used to treat aortic valve stenosis. In this condition, the aortic valve, which separates the left ventricle and the aorta, becomes narrowed. The procedure involves inserting a catheter with a
small balloon at its tip into a blood vessel, usually in the groin. This catheter is guided to the aortic valve, where the balloon is inflated. The inflation of the balloon stretches the valve open, increasing the valve area and improving blood flow. This procedure is often a temporary measure or used in patients who are high-risk surgical candidates.
Pulmonary Balloon Valvotomytargets the pulmonary valve, which is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. This procedure is similar to the aortic balloon valvotomy but is specifically used to treat pulmonary valve stenosis. It is particularly beneficial for children and adults with congenital heart defects affecting the pulmonary valve. The balloon expansion relieves obstruction, allowing better blood flow from the heart to the lungs.
Mitral Balloon Valvotomyalso known as percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy, is designed for mitral valve stenosis treatment. This condition primarily affects the mitral valve, located between the left atrium and left ventricle. The procedure is similar to the other valvotomies, involving a catheter and balloon. However, it requires more precision due to the complex structure of the mitral valve. This treatment is particularly valuable for patients with rheumatic heart disease, a common cause of mitral stenosis
These procedures have several advantages over traditional surgery, including reduced recovery time, lower risk of complications, and the potential for avoiding open heart surgery. However, they may not be suitable for all patients, especially those with severe calcification or other structural heart issues. The choice of treatment depends on the patient's overall health, the severity of valve stenosis, and other individual factors. Regular follow-ups are essential to monitor valve function and decide on any further treatment if required